{"id":517,"date":"2019-12-29T16:26:23","date_gmt":"2019-12-29T08:26:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/?p=517"},"modified":"2023-07-05T21:36:39","modified_gmt":"2023-07-05T13:36:39","slug":"linux-ip-command","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/index.php\/2019\/12\/29\/linux-ip-command\/","title":{"rendered":"linux ip \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n<p>linux \u4e0b\u7684 <code>ip<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ifconfig<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u672c\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u548c ip \u5730\u5740\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u6216\u8005 <code>netstat<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3\u5360\u7528\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<code>ip<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u5c5e\u4e8e <code>iproute2<\/code> \u5957\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e <code>iproute2<\/code> \u548c linux <code>net-tools<\/code> \u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\uff08\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90:https:\/\/linux.cn\/article-3144-1.html)\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/nettools_vs_iproute2.png\" alt=\"net-tools vs iproute2\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u90e8\u5206 <code>netstat<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u7528 <code>ss<\/code> \u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>ip<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c<code>iproute2<\/code> \u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570 linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\uff0c\u800c <code>net-tools<\/code> \u5219\u9700\u8981\u53e6\u5916\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><code>ip<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7f51\u5361\u8bbe\u5907\u76f8\u5173: <code>ip link<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u5361\u5730\u5740\u76f8\u5173: <code>ip addr<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u8868\u76f8\u5173: <code>ip route<\/code><\/li>\n<li>arp \u76f8\u5173: <code>ip neigh<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e2d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u5f71\u54cd\u4e2a\u4eba\u673a\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>ip link<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u67e5\u770b ip link \u7684\u5e2e\u52a9<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ ip link help\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ ip link list\n\n1: lo: &lt;LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000\n    link\/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00\n2: eth0: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000\n    link\/ether 52:54:00:8a:fe:e6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff\n3: eth1: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000\n    link\/ether 08:00:27:15:ee:5c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c<code>lo<\/code>\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u672c\u673a\u7684\u56de\u73af\u7f51\u5361\uff0c<code>eth0<\/code> \u548c <code>eth1<\/code> \u5206\u522b\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6dfb\u52a0\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ sudo ip link add link eth0 mydev type bridge\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u6865\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5728 eth0 \u4e0a\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ip link list<\/code> \u67e5\u770b\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u591a\u4e86\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">6: mydev: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000\n    link\/ether 5e:0c:36:7b:ce:0d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u5220\u9664\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ sudo ip link delete link dev mydev\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u5173\u95ed\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ sudo ip link set eth1 down\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ sudo ip link set eht1 up\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>ip addr<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u5e2e\u52a9<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ ip addr help\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ ip addr list\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5730\u5740<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ ip addr show eth1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u6dfb\u52a0 ip \u5730\u5740<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ sudo ip addr add 192.168.31.131\/24 dev eth1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b eth1 \u7684\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ ip addr show eth1\n\n3: eth1: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000\n    link\/ether 08:00:27:15:ee:5c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff\n    inet 192.168.31.77\/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eth1\n       valid_lft 42769sec preferred_lft 42769sec\n    inet 192.168.31.131\/24 scope global secondary eth1\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n    inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe15:ee5c\/64 scope link \n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5 ping \u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ ping 192.168.31.131\n\nPING 192.168.31.131 (192.168.31.131) 56(84) bytes of data.\n64 bytes from 192.168.31.131: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.109 ms\n64 bytes from 192.168.31.131: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.155 ms\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u5220\u9664 ip \u5730\u5740<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ sudo ip addr del 192.168.31.131\/24 dev eth1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u6539\u53d8\u8bbe\u5907\u5730\u5740\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0: <a class=\"wp-editor-md-post-content-link\" href=\"https:\/\/serverfault.com\/questions\/476926\/understanding-ip-addr-change-and-ip-addr-replace-commands\">understanding ip addr change and ip addr replace commands<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u6f14\u793a\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u6211\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u8bbe\u5907<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ sudo ip link add link eth0 name dummy0 type dummy\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e3a\u5b83\u5206\u914d\u5730\u5740:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ sudo ip addr add 192.168.31.132\/24 dummy0\n$ ip addr show dummy0\n\n5: dummy0: &lt;BROADCAST,NOARP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000\n    link\/ether 9e:dc:6e:0b:70:99 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff\n    inet 192.168.31.132\/24 scope global dummy0\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u4fee\u6539 <code>valid_lft<\/code> \u548c <code>preferred_lft<\/code> \u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ip change<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ sudo ip addr change 192.168.31.132 dev dummy0 preferred_lft 300 valid_lft 300\n$ ip addr show dummpy0\n\n5: dummy0: &lt;BROADCAST,NOARP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000\n    link\/ether 9e:dc:6e:0b:70:99 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff\n    inet 192.168.31.132\/24 scope global dynamic dummy0\n       valid_lft 299sec preferred_lft 299sec\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>ip route<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u5e2e\u52a9<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ ip route help\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u8def\u7531<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ ip route list\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u6dfb\u52a0\u8def\u7531<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u666e\u901a\u7684\u8def\u7531<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ sudo ip route add 39.156.0.0\/16 via 192.168.31.133 dev dummy0\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6dfb\u52a0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ sudo ip route add default via 192.168.31.133 dev dummy0\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u5220\u9664\u8def\u7531<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ sudo ip route del default via 192.168.31.133 dev dummy0\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u666e\u901a\u8def\u7531<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ sudo ip route del 39.156.0.0\/16 via 192.168.31.133 dev dummy0 \n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>**\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a ip \u5730\u5740\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5305\u6765\u6e90<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ ip route get 39.156.69.79\n\n39.156.69.79 via 10.0.2.2 dev eth0 src 10.0.2.15 \n    cache \n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>ip neigh<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u5e2e\u52a9<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ ip neigh help\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u90bb\u5c45\u8bbe\u5907<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"line-numbers\">$ ip neigh show\n\n192.168.31.1 dev eth1 lladdr 34:ce:00:2e:88:b9 STALE\n10.0.2.2 dev eth0 lladdr 52:54:00:12:35:02 REACHABLE\n10.0.2.3 dev eth0 lladdr 52:54:00:12:35:03 STALE\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb linux \u4e0b\u7684 ip \u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 ifconfig \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u672c &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/index.php\/2019\/12\/29\/linux-ip-command\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">linux ip \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-517","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","category-network"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>linux ip \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528 - \u4e00\u53ea\u5b89\u9759\u7684\u732b<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/index.php\/2019\/12\/29\/linux-ip-command\/\" \/>\n<meta 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