{"id":318,"date":"2018-05-17T14:12:46","date_gmt":"2018-05-17T06:12:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/?p=318"},"modified":"2023-07-05T21:50:23","modified_gmt":"2023-07-05T13:50:23","slug":"abnf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/index.php\/2018\/05\/17\/abnf\/","title":{"rendered":"ABNF\u683c\u5f0f\u8bf4\u660e"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u4e00\u3001\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n<p>ABNF\u5168\u79f0\u662fAugmented Backus-Naur Form\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6587\u6863\u8bf4\u660e\u4e2d\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u67d0\u4e9b\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86ABNF\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8bf4\u660e\u6709:\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8bf4\u660e[RFC733]\u548c\u4e4b\u540e\u7684[RFC822]\uff0cHTTP1.1\u534f\u8bae\u7684[RFC7230]\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u9605\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3ABNF\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002ABNF\u5728RFC5234\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h2>\n<h3>2.1 \u89c4\u5219\u547d\u540d<\/h3>\n<p>ABNF\u4e2d\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u547d\u540d\u662f\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e0d\u654f\u611f\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u5b57\u6bcd\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u4e0a\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u6216\u8fde\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n<h3>2.2 \u89c4\u5219\u683c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u5982\u4e0b\u683c\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>name = elements crlf\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>name\u6307\u7684\u662f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\uff0celements\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u540d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u7ec8\u7aef\u5b57\u7b26\uff0ccrlf\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\\r\\n<\/p>\n<h3>2.3 \u7ec8\u7aef\u503c<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u8d1f\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff08\u6bd4\u5982ASCII\u7801\u4e2da\u5bf9\u5e94\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u768497\uff09\u3002\u7ec8\u7aef\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u8fdb\u5236:<\/p>\n<pre><code>b     = binary          ;\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\nd     = decimal         ;\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\nx     = hexadecimal     ;\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64:<\/p>\n<pre><code>CR = %d13\nCR = %x0D\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528&#8221;.&#8221;\u53f7\u6765\u5206\u5272\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n<pre><code>CRLF = %d13.10\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>2.4 \u989d\u5916\u7684\u7f16\u7801<\/h3>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u7f16\u7801\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6240\u663e\u793a\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6bd4\u59827-bit\u7684US-ASCII\u548c16-bit\u7684unicode\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u76ee\u524d7-bit\u7684US-ASCII\u7f16\u7801\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001 \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h2>\n<h3>3.1 \u8fde\u63a5: <code>Rule1 Rule2<\/code><\/h3>\n<p>\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u503c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u5176\u4ed6\u89c4\u5219\u8fde\u63a5\u800c\u6210\u3002\u6bd4\u5982<\/p>\n<pre><code>foo = %x61 ; a\nbar = %x62 ; b\nmumble = foo bar foo\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u89c4\u5219mumnle = aba<\/p>\n<h3>3.2 \u9009\u62e9: <code>Rule1 \/ Rule2<\/code><\/h3>\n<p>\u9009\u62e9\u5c31\u662f\u591a\u9009\u4e00\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982<\/p>\n<pre><code>rule = foo \/ bar\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48rule\u662ffoo\u6216\u8005bar\u90fd\u63a5\u53d7\u7684<\/p>\n<h3>3.3 \u6269\u5c55\u7684\u9009\u62e9: <code>Rule1 =\/ Rule2<\/code><\/h3>\n<pre><code>ruleset = rule1 \/ rule2\nruleset =\/ rule3\nruleset =\/ rule4 \/ rule5\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48ruleset\u6700\u7ec8\u4e3a<\/p>\n<pre><code>ruleset = rule1 \/ rule2 \/ rule3 \/ rule4 \/ rule5\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>3.4 \u8303\u56f4\u9009\u62e9: <code>%c##-##<\/code><\/h3>\n<pre><code>DIGIT = %x30-39\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e<\/p>\n<pre><code>DIGIT = \"0\" \/ \"1\" \/ \"2\" \/ \"3\" \/ \"4\" \/ \"5\" \/ \"6\" \/ \"7\" \/ \"8\" \/ \"9\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>3.5 \u5e8f\u5217\u7ec4: <code>(Rule1 Rule2)<\/code><\/h3>\n<p>\u5e8f\u5217\u7ec4\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9605\u8bfb\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf<\/p>\n<pre><code>elem (foo \/ bar) blat\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e<\/p>\n<pre><code>(elem foo blat) or (elem bar blat)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u800c<\/p>\n<pre><code>elem foo \/ bar blat\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e<\/p>\n<pre><code>(elem foo) or (bar blat)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>3.6 \u53d8\u91cf\u91cd\u590d: <code>*Rule<\/code><\/h3>\n<p>\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<code>&lt;a&gt;*&lt;b&gt;element<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&lt;a&gt;<\/code>\u548c<code>&lt;b&gt;<\/code>\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u503c\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u6700\u5c11a\u4e2a\uff0c\u6700\u591ab\u4e2a<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>*&lt;element&gt; 0\u5230\u4efb\u610f\u591a\u4e2a\n1*&lt;element&gt; \u81f3\u5c111\u4e2a\n3*3&lt;element&gt; \u53ea\u80fd\u662f3\u4e2a\n1*2&lt;element&gt; 1\u52302\u4e2a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>3.7 \u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u91cd\u590d: <code>nRule<\/code><\/h3>\n<pre><code>n&lt;element&gt;\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8en*n&lt;element&gt;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>3.8 \u53ef\u9009\u7684\u5e8f\u5217: <code>[Rule]<\/code><\/h3>\n<p>[Rule]\u4ee3\u8868\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u6709\u53ef\u65e0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64[foo bar]\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e*1[foo bar]<\/p>\n<h3>3.9 \u6ce8\u91ca: <code>;Comment<\/code><\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528<code>;<\/code>\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6ce8\u91ca<\/p>\n<h3>3.10 \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4ece\u4e0a\u5f80\u4e0b\u6392\u5e8f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\u89c4\u5219\u540d, \u5355\u503c, \u7ec8\u7aef\u503c\n\u6ce8\u91ca\n\u8303\u56f4\u53d6\u503c\n\u91cd\u590d\n\u7ec4, \u53ef\u9009\n\u8fde\u63a5\n\u9009\u62e9\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528ABNF\u5b9a\u4e49ABNF<\/h2>\n<pre><code>rulelist = 1*( rule \/ (*c-wsp c-nl) )\n\nrule = rulename defined-as elements c-nl\n; continues if next line starts\n; with white space\n\nrulename = ALPHA *(ALPHA \/ DIGIT \/ \"-\")\n\ndefined-as = *c-wsp (\"=\" \/ \"=\/\") *c-wsp\n; basic rules definition and\n; incremental alternatives\n\nelements = alternation *c-wsp\n\nc-wsp = WSP \/ (c-nl WSP)\n\nc-nl = comment \/ CRLF\n; comment or newline\n\ncomment = \";\" *(WSP \/ VCHAR) CRLF\n\nalternation = concatenation\n*(*c-wsp \"\/\" *c-wsp concatenation)\n\nconcatenation = repetition *(1*c-wsp repetition)\n\nrepetition = [repeat] element\n\nrepeat = 1*DIGIT \/ (*DIGIT \"*\" *DIGIT)\n\nelement = rulename \/ group \/ option \/\nchar-val \/ num-val \/ prose-val\n\ngroup = \"(\" *c-wsp alternation *c-wsp \")\"\n\noption = \"[\" *c-wsp alternation *c-wsp \"]\"\n\nchar-val = DQUOTE *(%x20-21 \/ %x23-7E) DQUOTE\n; quoted string of SP and VCHAR\n; without DQUOTE\n\nnum-val = \"%\" (bin-val \/ dec-val \/ hex-val)\n\nbin-val = \"b\" 1*BIT\n[ 1*(\".\" 1*BIT) \/ (\"-\" 1*BIT) ]\n; series of concatenated bit values\n; or single ONEOF range\n\ndec-val = \"d\" 1*DIGIT\n[ 1*(\".\" 1*DIGIT) \/ (\"-\" 1*DIGIT) ]\n\nhex-val = \"x\" 1*HEXDIG\n[ 1*(\".\" 1*HEXDIG) \/ (\"-\" 1*HEXDIG) ]\n\nprose-val = \"&lt;\" *(%x20-3D \/ %x3F-7E) \"&gt;\"\n; bracketed string of SP and VCHAR\n; without angles\n; prose description, to be used as\n; last resort\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u9644\u5f55\uff1a\u6838\u5fc3\u89c4\u5219<\/h2>\n<pre><code>ALPHA = %x41-5A \/ %x61-7A ; A-Z \/ a-z\n\nBIT = \"0\" \/ \"1\"\n\nCHAR = %x01-7F\n; any 7-bit US-ASCII character,\n; excluding NUL\n\nCR = %x0D\n; carriage return\n\nCRLF = CR LF\n; Internet standard newline\n\nCTL = %x00-1F \/ %x7F\n; controls\n\nDIGIT = %x30-39\n; 0-9\n\nDQUOTE = %x22\n; \" (Double Quote)\n\nHEXDIG = DIGIT \/ \"A\" \/ \"B\" \/ \"C\" \/ \"D\" \/ \"E\" \/ \"F\"\n\nHTAB = %x09\n; horizontal tab\n\nLF = %x0A\n; linefeed\n\nLWSP = *(WSP \/ CRLF WSP)\n; Use of this linear-white-space rule\n; permits lines containing only white\n; space that are no longer legal in\n; mail headers and have caused\n; interoperability problems in other\n; contexts.\n; Do not use when defining mail\n; headers and use with caution in\n; other contexts.\n\nOCTET = %x00-FF\n; 8 bits of data\n\nSP = %x20\n\nVCHAR = %x21-7E\n; visible (printing) characters\n\nWSP = SP \/ HTAB\n; white space\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>RFC5234\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttps:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc5234<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u3001\u7b80\u4ecb ABNF\u5168\u79f0\u662fAugmented Backus-Naur Form\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6587\u6863\u8bf4\u660e\u4e2d\u3002 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/index.php\/2018\/05\/17\/abnf\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">ABNF\u683c\u5f0f\u8bf4\u660e<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,52],"tags":[53,54],"class_list":["post-318","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-work","category-computer","tag-abnf","tag-rfc5234"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>ABNF\u683c\u5f0f\u8bf4\u660e - \u4e00\u53ea\u5b89\u9759\u7684\u732b<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/index.php\/2018\/05\/17\/abnf\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ABNF\u683c\u5f0f\u8bf4\u660e - \u4e00\u53ea\u5b89\u9759\u7684\u732b\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u4e00\u3001\u7b80\u4ecb ABNF\u5168\u79f0\u662fAugmented Backus-Naur Form\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6587\u6863\u8bf4\u660e\u4e2d\u3002 &hellip; 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