{"id":1382,"date":"2023-02-04T14:34:32","date_gmt":"2023-02-04T06:34:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/?p=1382"},"modified":"2023-07-05T09:57:40","modified_gmt":"2023-07-05T01:57:40","slug":"ping-and-icmp-protocol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/index.php\/2023\/02\/04\/ping-and-icmp-protocol\/","title":{"rendered":"Ping \u4e0e ICMP \u534f\u8bae"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n<p>ping \u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 ICMP \u534f\u8bae\u6765\u63a2\u6d4b\u672c\u5730\u5230\u8fdc\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u95f4\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8fde\u901a\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u7b49\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u5176\u5b9e\u5bf9 ping \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u592a\u591a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u4f1a\u548c ICMP \u534f\u8bae\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u5f00\u53d1 <a class=\"wp-editor-md-post-content-link\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/joyme123\/gnt\">https:\/\/github.com\/joyme123\/gnt<\/a>\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5355\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u63a5\u89e6\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b ping \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5206\u4eab\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>ping \u547d\u4ee4\u57fa\u4e8e ICMP \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h2>\n<p>ICMP \u534f\u8bae\u672c\u8eab\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u591a\u505a\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5f88\u597d\u5f88\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e0a\u7684\u8fd9\u7bc7\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1a<a class=\"wp-editor-md-post-content-link\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol#Control_messages\">Internet_Control_Message_Protocol<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ICMP \u548c TCP\/UDP \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u6709\u8fd9\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u50cf TCP\/UDP \u8fd9\u79cd\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 Port \u5bf9\u5e94\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u4f7f\u7528 TCP\/UDP \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u800c ICMP \u5219\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e9\u671f\u7684 linux \u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5e94\u7528\u8981\u53d1\u9001 ICMP \u5305\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7 <code>socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, int protocol)<\/code> \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u8c03\u7528 SOCK_RAW \u5219\u9700\u8981 root \u6743\u9650\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7 linux network capability\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7684 linux \u53c8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 <code>socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_ICMP)<\/code> \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u53d1\u9001 ICMP\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 SOCK_DGRAM \u662f UDP \u534f\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5bb9\u6613\u8bef\u89e3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u7528 UDP \u534f\u8bae\u53bb\u5305\u88c5\u6216\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 ICMP \u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d1\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u7684\u4ecd\u7136\u662f ICMP \u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981 root \u6743\u9650\u6216\u8005\u7279\u6b8a\u7684 network capability \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3a Unprivileged ICMP\u3002linux \u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 sysctl \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u53bb\u9650\u5236\u8fd9\u4e00\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-json line-numbers\"># 999~59999 \u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4 ID \u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u90fd\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 1 0\nnet.ipv4.ping_group_range = 999 59999\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 SOCK_DGRAM \u53ea\u80fd\u53d1\u9001\u8fd9\u51e0\u79cd ICMP \u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a<code>ICMP_ECHO<\/code>, <code>ICMP_TSTAMP<\/code> or <code>ICMP_MASKREQ<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u9001 icmp \u5305\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u5b9e\u73b0\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684 ping \u547d\u4ee4\u7279\u6027\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e22\u5305\u68c0\u6d4b<\/h3>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a ICMP \u5305\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a sequence \u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e2a sequence \u7684\u503c\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a sequence \u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d1\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u7684 ICMP \u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5305\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\u7684 sequence \u5c31\u662f\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u7684\u5305\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b58\u5728\u4e22\u5305\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5ef6\u8fdf\u68c0\u6d4b<\/h3>\n<p>ICMP \u652f\u6301 echo request \u548c reply\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7 ICMP \u534f\u8bae\u5305\u88c5\u7684 payload \u53d1\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u4f1a\u539f\u6837\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728 request \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5199\u5165\u53d1\u9001\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6536\u5230\u56de\u5305\u65f6\u53d6\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u5199\u5165\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 unix time\uff0c\u7cbe\u786e\u5230\u5fae\u79d2\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4fdd\u7559 4 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u79d2+4\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5fae\u79d2\uff0c\u5199\u5165\u5230 payload \u7684\u5f00\u5934\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c linux ping \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u50cf wireshark \u8fd9\u79cd\u6293\u5305\u5de5\u5177\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6982\u8ff0 ping \u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 ICMP \u534f\u8bae\u6765\u63a2\u6d4b\u672c\u5730\u5230\u8fdc\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u95f4\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8fde\u901a\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5ef6 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/index.php\/2023\/02\/04\/ping-and-icmp-protocol\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Ping \u4e0e ICMP \u534f\u8bae<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1382","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-network"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ping \u4e0e ICMP \u534f\u8bae - \u4e00\u53ea\u5b89\u9759\u7684\u732b<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/index.php\/2023\/02\/04\/ping-and-icmp-protocol\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ping \u4e0e ICMP \u534f\u8bae - \u4e00\u53ea\u5b89\u9759\u7684\u732b\" 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