{"id":1307,"date":"2022-12-10T12:11:02","date_gmt":"2022-12-10T04:11:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/?p=1307"},"modified":"2023-07-05T10:00:16","modified_gmt":"2023-07-05T02:00:16","slug":"linux-network-analysis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/index.php\/2022\/12\/10\/linux-network-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"linux \u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\u624b\u518c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e00\u4e9b\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u6392\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u548c k8s \u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u76f8\u5173<\/p>\n

1. iptables \u5904\u7406\u89c4\u5219\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe<\/h2>\n

\u51fa\u5904\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.zsythink.net\/archives\/1199<\/a><\/p>\n

\"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/screenshot-20221210-113850.png\"<\/p>\n

2. \u4f7f\u7528 xtables-monitor \u8ffd\u8e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728 iptables \u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u6d41\u5411<\/h2>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u5e38\u7528\u5728\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u6709\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\u7684 iptables \u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u6392\u67e5\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u6bd4\u8f83\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 k8s \u4e2d pod \u8bbf\u95ee svc ip \u4e0d\u901a\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5fc5\u7ecf\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6dfb\u52a0 TRACE\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 raw \u8868\u7684 PREROUTING \u5c31\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n

iptables -t raw -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 5432 -j TRACE\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0 TRACE \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u8e2a\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6d41\u5411\u4e86\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 trace \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6d41\u5165\u6d41\u51fa\u7f51\u5361\uff0cmark \u503c\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u7684 iptables \u89c4\u5219\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u5224\u65ad\u51fa\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n
xtables-monitor --trace\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
3. \u4f7f\u7528 conntrack \u67e5\u770b\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/h2>\n
conntrack \u662f linux \u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0cconntrack \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f tcp \u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u7684 5 \u5143\u7ec4(\u6e90IP\uff0c\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u76ee\u7684IP\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u534f\u8bae)\u6765\u552f\u4e00\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u50cf NAT \u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e conntrack \u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
# \u6bd4\u5982\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b 10.233.101.170 \u8fd9\u4e2a pod \u8bbf\u95ee svc ip \u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u3002\nconntrack -p tcp -s 10.233.101.170 -L -o ktimestamp\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
4. no route to host \u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3<\/h2>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u90fd\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u5199\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c0f\u4f17\u573a\u666f\u975e\u5e38\u96be\u6392\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u68c0\u67e5\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u901a\u5f80\u76ee\u7684 IP \u7684\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u786e\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u914d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u7f51\u5173\u8def\u7531\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u6293\u5305\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u6293 ARP \u5305\u3002\u5982\uff1atcpdump -i any arp and host xx.xxx.xx.xx -ne\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u770b\u4f3c\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742(\u591a\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u591a\u7f51\u7edc\u5e73\u9762\u7684 k8s \u96c6\u7fa4\uff09\u65f6\u3002\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5f88\u96be\u51c6\u786e\u5224\u65ad\u51fa\u51fa\u53bb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u547d\u4e2d\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u8def\u7531\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 arp \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7f51\u5173 IP\uff0c\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u51fa\u8def\u7531\u662f\u54ea\u6761\uff0c\u4e14\u7f51\u5173\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u8fde\u901a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    5. \u8def\u7531\u5224\u65ad\u7406\u89e3\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e<\/h2>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u70b9\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u56fe\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5224\u65ad\u53ea\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u53d1\u751f\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. PREROUTING \u4e4b\u540e<\/li>\n
    2. OUTPUT \u4e4b\u524d<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e4b\u540e\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u5f71\u54cd\u8def\u7531\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 ip rule \u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e 10.100.0.0\/24 \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0cmark \u503c\u4e3a 0x06 \u65f6\u8d70\u4ec0\u4e48\u8def\u7531\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5f53\u5728 POSTROUTING \u94fe\u4e0a\u505a SNAT\uff0cset mark \u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u8def\u7531\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
      6. iptables \u4e0e LVS<\/h2>\n
      \"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nf-lvs.png\"<\/p>\n
      \u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cLVS nat \u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a SNAT\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7 POSTROUTING \u94fe\u3002\u9700\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u4e0b\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6765\u8ba9 LVS \u6570\u636e\u5305\u7ecf\u8fc7 POSTROUTING<\/p>\n
      net.ipv4.vs.conntrack=1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      iptables \u5728 PREROUTING \u9636\u6bb5\u505a\u7684 mark\uff0c\u5728 LVS NAT \u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n
      7. \u5bb9\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u901a\u89e3\u51b3\u601d\u8def<\/h2>\n
      \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u4ec5\u6307 docker\/nerdctl \u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\uff0ck8s \u60c5\u51b5\u4f1a\u66f4\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u7ed3\u5408 CNI \u53bb\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u90e8\u7f72\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7aef\u53e3(\u4ee5 443 \u4e3a\u4f8b)\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u5c06\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 port \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u7684 port\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u90fd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 iptables DNAT\uff0c\u5c06\u53d1\u5230 443 \u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u6d41\u91cf DNAT \u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u7684 ip:port\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u518d\u6839\u636e\u672c\u673a\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5c06\u6d41\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7 docker0\/nerdctl1 \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7f51\u6865\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u53d1\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 ip_forward \u662f\u5426\u6253\u5f00\uff1asysctl -a | grep ip_forward<\/code>\u3002\u9700\u8981\u786e\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a 1\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u624d\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c FORWARD\u3002<\/li>\n
      2. \u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 bridge-nf-call-iptables \u662f\u5426\u6253\u5f00\uff1asysctl -a | grep bridge<\/code>\u3002\u9700\u8981\u786e\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a 1\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019 bridge \u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5c31\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7 iptables conntrack\u3002<\/li>\n
      3. \u68c0\u67e5 DNAT \u89c4\u5219\u3002docker\/nerdctl \u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728 iptables NAT \u8868\u4e0a\u5199\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u3002iptables -t nat -L PREROUTING<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
      4. \u68c0\u67e5 FILTER \u8868\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\u5728\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 docker \u548c nerdctl \u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0cdocker \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c06 FILTER \u8868 FORWARD \u94fe\u6539\u4e3a DROP Policy\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u5339\u914d FORWARD \u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e22\u5f03\u3002\u800c nerdctl \u5219\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4 ACCEPT\u3002\u8fd9\u6837 nerdctl \u542f\u52a8\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e0d\u901a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        \u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e00\u4e9b\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u6392\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u548c k8s \u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u76f8\u5173 1. i … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfblinux \u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\u624b\u518c<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1307","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-network"],"yoast_head":"\nlinux \u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\u624b\u518c - \u4e00\u53ea\u5b89\u9759\u7684\u732b<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.myway5.com\/index.php\/2022\/12\/10\/linux-network-analysis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"linux \u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\u624b\u518c - 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